Glossary

Plain-language definitions for every term you will encounter. Browse by letter or filter by category.

Medical Terms65Legal & Financial30Daily Care50Health Conditions39Support Services43Insurance & Benefits28

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A

ADL

Activities of Daily Living are basic self-care tasks like bathing, dressing, eating, and toileting.

Daily Care

Ambulation

Walking or moving from place to place, sometimes with assistance from a caregiver or mobility device.

Daily Care

Adult Day Care

A supervised daytime program offering activities, meals, and socialization for adults who need assistance.

Support Services

Advance Directive

A legal document stating a person's wishes for medical treatment if they become unable to communicate.

Legal & Financial

Area Agency on Aging

A local organization that connects older adults and caregivers with community services and resources.

Support Services

Assisted Living

A residential community offering help with daily activities while allowing residents more independence than a nursing home.

Medical Terms

Aging in Place

The ability to live in one's own home safely and independently as one grows older.

Support Services

Alzheimer's Disease

The most common form of dementia, causing progressive memory loss and cognitive decline over time.

Health Conditions

Agitation

Restlessness, pacing, or aggressive behavior often seen in people with dementia or cognitive decline.

Health Conditions

Adult Protective Services

A government agency that investigates reports of abuse, neglect, or exploitation of vulnerable adults.

Legal & Financial

Adaptive Equipment

Specialized tools like reachers, button hooks, and jar openers that help people perform tasks independently.

Daily Care

Arthritis

Joint inflammation causing pain, stiffness, and reduced range of motion, common in older adults.

Health Conditions

Aphasia

A language disorder caused by brain damage, affecting the ability to speak, understand, read, or write.

Health Conditions

Aspiration

The accidental inhalation of food or liquid into the lungs, which can cause pneumonia in vulnerable patients.

Health Conditions

Aspiration Pneumonia

A lung infection caused by breathing food, liquid, or saliva into the airways, common with dysphagia.

Health Conditions

Anxiety

A condition of excessive worry or fear that can affect daily functioning in both patients and caregivers.

Health Conditions

Activities of Enrichment

Planned social, physical, and creative activities that improve quality of life for care recipients.

Support Services

Aid and Attendance

A VA pension benefit for veterans who need help with daily activities or are housebound.

Insurance & Benefits

Anticipatory Grief

The mourning process that begins before a death, common for caregivers of people with terminal illness.

Support Services

Asset Protection

Legal strategies to preserve a person's wealth while qualifying for government benefits like Medicaid.

Legal & Financial

B

C

Custodial Care

Non-medical assistance with daily activities like bathing, dressing, and eating, often not covered by Medicare.

Daily Care

CNA

Certified Nursing Assistant provides hands-on patient care under the supervision of a licensed nurse.

Medical Terms

Conservatorship

A court-appointed authority over another person's financial affairs when they cannot manage them alone.

Legal & Financial

Caregiver Burnout

Physical, emotional, and mental exhaustion from the sustained demands of caring for another person.

Support Services

Continuing Care Retirement Community

A campus offering independent living, assisted living, and nursing care as residents' needs change over time.

Support Services

Catheter

A tube inserted into the bladder to drain urine, requiring proper care to prevent infection.

Medical Terms

COPD

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease is a lung condition causing breathing difficulty that worsens over time.

Health Conditions

Congestive Heart Failure

A chronic condition where the heart cannot pump blood efficiently, causing fluid buildup and fatigue.

Health Conditions

Compression Stockings

Specialized tight socks that improve circulation and reduce swelling in the legs and feet.

Daily Care

Comfort Care

Treatment focused on relieving pain and maintaining quality of life rather than curing a disease.

Medical Terms

Companion Care

Non-medical support providing socialization, supervision, and light housekeeping for an older adult.

Support Services

Care Plan

A written document outlining a person's care needs, goals, and the services to be provided.

Medical Terms

Care Coordination

Organizing a patient's health services across multiple providers to ensure consistent and effective care.

Medical Terms

Care Team

The group of healthcare professionals, family members, and aides working together to support a patient.

Medical Terms

Care Manager

A professional who assesses needs, arranges services, and monitors care for an older adult or disabled person.

Support Services

Caregiver Stress

The emotional, physical, and financial strain experienced by a person providing ongoing care to another.

Support Services

Caregiver Agreement

A written contract between a family caregiver and care recipient specifying duties, schedule, and compensation.

Legal & Financial

Caregiver Compensation

Payment to a family member or friend for providing care, which may affect Medicaid eligibility.

Legal & Financial

Caregiver Leave

Time off from work to provide care for a family member, which may be protected under FMLA or state law.

Legal & Financial

Contracture

A permanent tightening of muscles or joints from lack of movement, causing limited range of motion.

Health Conditions

Cognitive Decline

A gradual loss of thinking abilities including memory, reasoning, and judgment that comes with aging or disease.

Health Conditions

Capacity

A person's legal and mental ability to make their own decisions about healthcare, finances, and daily life.

Legal & Financial

Competency

A legal determination by a court that a person can or cannot make decisions for themselves.

Legal & Financial

Copay

A fixed amount a patient pays for each healthcare service or prescription, with insurance covering the rest.

Insurance & Benefits

Coinsurance

The percentage of healthcare costs a patient pays after meeting their deductible, with insurance paying the rest.

Insurance & Benefits

Caregiver Support Program

Government and nonprofit programs providing training, counseling, and resources to family caregivers.

Support Services

Caregiver Training

Education programs teaching family caregivers skills like safe lifting, medication management, and wound care.

Support Services

Colostomy Care

Maintenance and cleaning of a colostomy bag and stoma for patients who have had bowel surgery.

Medical Terms

CPAP

Continuous Positive Airway Pressure is a machine that helps people with sleep apnea breathe during sleep.

Medical Terms

Caregiver Fatigue

Chronic physical and emotional tiredness from prolonged caregiving without adequate rest or support.

Support Services

Caregiver Assessment

An evaluation of a caregiver's own health, stress level, and support needs conducted by a professional.

Support Services

Community Spouse Resource Allowance

The amount of assets a spouse may keep when their partner qualifies for Medicaid long-term care.

Insurance & Benefits

Cognitive Stimulation

Activities like puzzles, games, and reminiscence that help maintain brain function in people with cognitive decline.

Support Services

Caregiver Tax Credit

A tax benefit available in some states for family members who provide unpaid caregiving to a dependent.

Legal & Financial

Continuum of Care

The full range of care services from independent living through hospice that a person may need over time.

Medical Terms

Caregiver App

A mobile application that helps caregivers track medications, appointments, symptoms, and care tasks.

Support Services

Care Journal

A written or digital log where caregivers record daily observations, medications given, and changes in condition.

Support Services

D

Dressing

Helping a care recipient put on and remove clothing, including adaptive garments for limited mobility.

Daily Care

Durable Power of Attorney

A legal document granting someone authority to make financial or health decisions for an incapacitated person.

Legal & Financial

DNR

Do Not Resuscitate is a medical order stating that CPR should not be performed if the heart stops.

Legal & Financial

Dual Eligible

A person who qualifies for both Medicare and Medicaid, receiving benefits from both programs.

Insurance & Benefits

Durable Medical Equipment

Reusable medical devices like wheelchairs, oxygen equipment, and hospital beds prescribed for home use.

Medical Terms

Dementia

A group of conditions causing progressive decline in memory, thinking, and the ability to perform daily tasks.

Health Conditions

Delirium

A sudden change in mental function causing confusion and disorientation, often triggered by infection or medication.

Health Conditions

Diabetes

A chronic condition affecting blood sugar regulation that requires diet management, monitoring, and sometimes insulin.

Health Conditions

Dysphagia

Difficulty swallowing food or liquids, common after stroke or with neurological conditions, requiring modified diets.

Health Conditions

Dehydration

A dangerous loss of body fluids common in older adults, caused by inadequate fluid intake or illness.

Health Conditions

DVT

Deep Vein Thrombosis is a blood clot in a deep vein, usually in the leg, requiring prompt medical treatment.

Health Conditions

Discharge Planning

The process of preparing a patient to leave a hospital or facility, arranging follow-up care and services.

Medical Terms

Depression

A mood disorder causing persistent sadness and loss of interest, common in older adults and caregivers alike.

Health Conditions

Deductible

The amount a patient must pay out of pocket before insurance starts covering healthcare costs.

Insurance & Benefits

Day Program

A structured daytime program providing activities, therapy, and supervision for adults with care needs.

Support Services

Dependent Care

Care provided to an adult who relies on another person for help with daily activities due to age or disability.

Legal & Financial

E

F

G

H

Home Health Aide

A trained worker who provides personal care and basic health services to patients in their homes.

Medical Terms

Hospice

End-of-life care focused on comfort rather than cure for patients with a terminal prognosis of six months or less.

Medical Terms

Healthcare Proxy

A person legally designated to make medical decisions on behalf of someone who cannot speak for themselves.

Legal & Financial

Home Modification

Changes to a home like grab bars, ramps, and wider doorways to improve safety and accessibility.

Daily Care

Hoyer Lift

A mechanical lifting device used to safely transfer a person who cannot bear weight from one surface to another.

Daily Care

Hospital Bed

An adjustable bed with rails and positioning features used for home care of bedridden or mobility-limited patients.

Daily Care

Hypertension

High blood pressure that increases the risk of heart disease and stroke, managed with medication and lifestyle.

Health Conditions

Home Health Care

Medical services provided in a patient's home by licensed professionals, often covered by Medicare.

Medical Terms

Home Delivered Meals

Meals brought to a person's home through community programs, ensuring proper nutrition for homebound seniors.

Support Services

HCBS

Home and Community-Based Services are Medicaid-funded programs that provide care outside of institutions.

Insurance & Benefits

Home Management

Overseeing household tasks like bill paying, scheduling appointments, and managing home maintenance.

Daily Care

Hospice Aide

A trained caregiver who provides personal care and comfort to patients receiving end-of-life hospice services.

Medical Terms

Hearing Aid

A small electronic device worn in or behind the ear that amplifies sound for people with hearing loss.

Daily Care

Home Safety Checklist

A list used to evaluate and address hazards in a home, such as loose rugs, clutter, and poor lighting.

Daily Care

Hospice Eligibility

Criteria for receiving hospice care, typically a doctor's certification of a terminal prognosis of six months or less.

Medical Terms

I

L

M

Medicaid

A joint federal-state program providing health coverage and long-term care for people with low income.

Insurance & Benefits

Medicare

A federal health insurance program for people aged 65 and older and some younger adults with disabilities.

Insurance & Benefits

Medicare Advantage

A private insurance plan that replaces original Medicare, often including extra benefits like dental or vision.

Insurance & Benefits

Medigap

A supplemental insurance policy that covers costs original Medicare does not pay, like copays and deductibles.

Insurance & Benefits

Memory Care

A specialized residential facility or unit designed for people with Alzheimer's disease or other dementias.

Medical Terms

Mobility Aid

Devices like walkers, canes, and wheelchairs that help a person move around safely and independently.

Daily Care

Medication Management

Organizing, administering, and tracking prescription medications to ensure correct dosage and timing.

Medical Terms

Medication Reconciliation

A review of all medications a patient takes to identify and resolve conflicts or duplications.

Medical Terms

Medication Reminder

An alarm, app, or caregiver prompt that helps a person take medications at the correct times.

Daily Care

Meal Preparation

Planning and cooking nutritious meals for a care recipient, including special diet requirements.

Daily Care

Malnutrition

A condition from not getting enough nutrients, leading to weight loss, weakness, and increased infection risk.

Health Conditions

Mandated Reporter

A person legally required to report suspected abuse or neglect of a vulnerable adult to authorities.

Legal & Financial

Medical Alert System

A wearable device with a button that connects a person to emergency services if they fall or need help.

Daily Care

Mental Health

The emotional and psychological well-being of both the care recipient and the caregiver.

Support Services

Mild Cognitive Impairment

A stage between normal age-related memory changes and the more serious decline of dementia.

Health Conditions

Meals on Wheels

A program that delivers nutritious meals to homebound older adults who cannot cook for themselves.

Support Services

Medicaid Waiver

A state program allowing Medicaid funds to pay for home and community-based services instead of nursing home care.

Insurance & Benefits

Medicare Part A

The portion of Medicare covering inpatient hospital stays, skilled nursing, hospice, and some home health care.

Insurance & Benefits

Medicare Part B

The portion of Medicare covering outpatient care, doctor visits, preventive services, and medical equipment.

Insurance & Benefits

Medicare Part D

The portion of Medicare that provides prescription drug coverage through private insurance plans.

Insurance & Benefits

Medicaid Planning

Legal strategies to arrange finances so a person qualifies for Medicaid long-term care coverage.

Insurance & Benefits

Music Therapy

The use of music by a trained therapist to address physical, emotional, and cognitive needs of patients.

Support Services

N

O

P

Physical Therapy

Treatment by a licensed therapist to restore movement, strength, and physical function after illness or injury.

Medical Terms

Palliative Care

Specialized medical care focused on relieving pain and symptoms for people with serious illnesses.

Medical Terms

POLST

Physician Orders for Life-Sustaining Treatment is a medical form specifying end-of-life care preferences.

Legal & Financial

PACE

Program of All-Inclusive Care for the Elderly provides comprehensive medical and social services to frail seniors.

Insurance & Benefits

Pressure Ulcer

A skin injury caused by prolonged pressure, common in bedridden patients, also called a bedsore.

Health Conditions

Parkinson's Disease

A progressive neurological disorder causing tremors, stiffness, and difficulty with movement and balance.

Health Conditions

Polypharmacy

The use of multiple medications by one patient, increasing the risk of drug interactions and side effects.

Medical Terms

Pill Organizer

A container with compartments for sorting daily medications by day and time to prevent missed doses.

Daily Care

Pain Management

Strategies including medication, therapy, and comfort measures to control chronic or acute pain.

Medical Terms

Personal Care Aide

A worker who assists with bathing, dressing, grooming, and other non-medical daily tasks at home.

Daily Care

Person-Centered Care

An approach that tailors care to an individual's preferences, history, and needs rather than a standard routine.

Support Services

Prior Authorization

Insurance company approval required before certain medical services or medications will be covered.

Insurance & Benefits

Pulse Oximetry

A non-invasive test using a finger clip to measure blood oxygen levels and heart rate.

Medical Terms

Power Wheelchair

A motorized wheelchair operated by a joystick or controls for people who cannot propel a manual chair.

Daily Care

Private Pay

Paying for care services out of pocket without insurance or government assistance.

Insurance & Benefits

PPE

Personal Protective Equipment includes gloves, masks, and gowns used by caregivers to prevent infection spread.

Medical Terms

Pet Therapy

Using trained animals to provide comfort, reduce anxiety, and improve mood for care recipients.

Support Services

Palliative Sedation

The use of sedating medications to relieve severe suffering in a terminally ill patient when other treatments fail.

Medical Terms

Primary Care Physician

A doctor who provides general medical care, coordinates specialist referrals, and manages chronic conditions.

Medical Terms

R

Respite Care

Temporary relief care that gives a primary caregiver a break from their ongoing caregiving duties.

Support Services

RN

Registered Nurse is a licensed healthcare professional who provides and coordinates patient medical care.

Medical Terms

Rollator

A wheeled walker with a seat and hand brakes, offering support and a place to rest while moving.

Daily Care

Repositioning

Regularly changing a bedridden person's position every two hours to prevent pressure ulcers.

Daily Care

Rehabilitation

A program of therapies designed to restore function and independence after illness, injury, or surgery.

Medical Terms

Readmission

A return to the hospital within 30 days of discharge, often preventable with proper transitional care.

Medical Terms

Remote Patient Monitoring

Technology that tracks a patient's vital signs and health data from home and sends it to providers.

Medical Terms

Raised Toilet Seat

An attachment that increases toilet height, making it easier for people with limited mobility to sit and stand.

Daily Care

Ramp

An inclined surface installed at doorways or steps to provide wheelchair and walker access to a home.

Daily Care

Range of Motion

Exercises that move joints through their full extent to maintain flexibility and prevent stiffness.

Medical Terms

Resident Rights

Legal protections for people living in care facilities, including privacy, dignity, and freedom from abuse.

Legal & Financial

Respite Voucher

A subsidy or coupon that helps pay for temporary respite care services for family caregivers.

Support Services

Respiration Rate

The number of breaths a person takes per minute, monitored as part of routine vital sign checks.

Medical Terms

Respite Home

A facility that provides short-term residential care so a primary caregiver can take a temporary break.

Support Services

Reminiscence Therapy

Using photos, music, and stories from the past to stimulate memory and conversation in dementia patients.

Support Services

Restorative Care

A nursing approach focused on helping patients regain maximum function and independence after illness or injury.

Medical Terms

Respite Weekend

A short-term residential stay, typically two to three days, giving the primary caregiver a full break.

Support Services

S

Speech Therapy

Treatment by a licensed therapist to improve speaking, swallowing, or language skills after illness or injury.

Medical Terms

Skilled Nursing

Medical care provided by a licensed nurse, such as wound care, injections, or IV management.

Medical Terms

Spend Down

The process of reducing assets to meet Medicaid's financial eligibility limits for long-term care coverage.

Insurance & Benefits

Skilled Nursing Facility

A licensed facility offering round-the-clock medical care and rehabilitation services after hospitalization.

Medical Terms

Sundowning

Increased confusion, agitation, or anxiety in dementia patients that worsens in the late afternoon and evening.

Health Conditions

Stroke

A medical event where blood flow to the brain is interrupted, potentially causing lasting physical or cognitive damage.

Health Conditions

Social Worker

A professional who helps individuals and families access community resources, counseling, and care services.

Support Services

Support Group

A gathering of caregivers who share experiences, coping strategies, and emotional support with each other.

Support Services

Self-Care

Actions a caregiver takes to maintain their own physical, mental, and emotional health while caregiving.

Support Services

Short-Term Care

Temporary care provided during recovery from surgery, illness, or injury, often in a rehab facility.

Medical Terms

Shower Chair

A waterproof seat placed in a shower or tub to allow a person to bathe safely while seated.

Daily Care

Stair Lift

A motorized chair that moves along a rail mounted to stairs, carrying a person between floors.

Daily Care

Sepsis

A life-threatening response to infection that can lead to organ failure, requiring emergency medical treatment.

Health Conditions

Social Engagement

Interactions and activities that keep an older adult connected to others and reduce feelings of isolation.

Support Services

Social Isolation

A lack of social contact that increases the risk of depression, cognitive decline, and poor health in older adults.

Health Conditions

Senior Center

A community facility offering activities, meals, health screenings, and social programs for older adults.

Support Services

Safety Assessment

An evaluation of a person's home for hazards like loose rugs, poor lighting, and lack of grab bars.

Daily Care

Skilled Care

Medical treatment that requires the training and expertise of licensed healthcare professionals.

Medical Terms

Suctioning

Removing mucus from the airways using a suction device, often needed for patients with tracheostomies.

Medical Terms

Sleep Apnea

A condition where breathing repeatedly stops and starts during sleep, treated with a CPAP machine.

Health Conditions

Symptom Management

Monitoring and treating symptoms like pain, nausea, and shortness of breath to improve patient comfort.

Medical Terms

Sandwich Generation

Adults who simultaneously care for aging parents and their own children, facing dual caregiving demands.

Support Services

Scooter

A motorized mobility device with a seat, handlebars, and a platform for the feet for short distances.

Daily Care

Spousal Impoverishment

Medicaid rules that protect a portion of assets and income for the spouse of a nursing home resident.

Insurance & Benefits

Specialist Referral

A recommendation from a primary care doctor to see a specialist for a specific medical condition.

Medical Terms

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CaregiverOS
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